Translate a text (7)

English

Indonesia

Labor refers to the use of mental or physical work to produce goods. Most labor changes raw materials into finished product and generally more mental the physical. For example, in both manufacturing and agriculture, machines accomplish the very thing physical work that unskilled laborers used to do. In other industries computer programmed robots and other forma of data processing equipment perform many of the jobs which used to require a lot of mental labor. Therefore, to a certain extent the next factor, capital, can be used to replace labor or reduce the amount of physical and mental labor that humans have to use in otder to conduct business.

Tenaga kerja mengacu pada penggunaan kerja mental atau fisik untuk menghasilkan barang. Sebagian besar tenaga kerja mengubah bahan baku menjadi produk jadi dan umumnya lebih bersifat mental. Misalnya, di bidang manufaktur dan pertanian, mesin melakukan pekerjaan fisik yang tidak biasa dilakukan pekerja kasar. Di industri lain robot yang diprogram komputer dan peralatan pengolahan data lainnya melakukan banyak pekerjaan yang dulunya membutuhkan banyak tenaga kerja mental. Oleh karena itu, sampai batas tertentu, faktor selanjutnya, modal, dapat digunakan untuk menggantikan tenaga kerja atau mengurangi jumlah tenaga kerja fisik dan mental yang harus digunakan manusia untuk melakukan bisnis.

Direct & Indirect (Simple Future)

Affirmatives

§  Direct speech: RP +, + S + Will + V1 + ROTS
He said to me, “I will get a job soon.”

§  Indirect speech: RP + that + S + would + V1 + ROTS
He told me that he would get a job soon.

Negatives

§  Direct speech: RP +, + S + will not + V1 + ROTS
They said to me, “We will not give up.”

§  Indirect speech: RP + that + S + would not + V1 + ROTS
They told me that they wouldn`t give up.

Interrogatives

§  Direct speech: RP +, + Will + S + V1 + ROTS
They asked, “Will you teach us the practical grammar?”

§  Indirect speech: RP + if + S + would + V1 + ROTS
They asked me that if I would teach them the practical grammar.

Negative interrogatives

§  Direct speech: RP +, + Will not + S + V1 + ROTS
He asked, “Won`t you come with us?”

§  Indirect speech: PR + if + S + would not + V1 + ROTS
He asked me if I wouldn’t go with them.

WH/Information questions

§  Direct speech: RP +, + WH + will + S + V1 + ROTS
She asked, “What will you do tomorrow?”

§  Indirect speech: RP + WH + S + would + V1 + ROTS
She wanted to know what I would do the next day.

Describe Something in Specific

Soccer is a widely-known sport all around the world. this sport is easy to play, and doesn't require a lot of cost. a soccer ball is slightly lighter than a basketball. to play soccer, hands are not allowed to touch the ball, all you can do is kick the ball to the opponent's goal post. usually this game is played by 11 players each team.

Conditional Sentense Type 2

Pengertian, Rumus, dan Contoh Kalimat Conditional Sentence Type 2

Pengertian Conditional Sentence Type 2:
Conditional sentence type 2 adalah kalimat pengandaian yang tidak mungkin terjadi dimasa sekarang, atau kemungkinan tersebut sulit untuk terjadi dimasa yang akan datang. Seperti conditional sentence tipe lainnya, conditional sentence type 2 juga terdiri dari kalimat bersyarat (if clause) dan juga main clause, artinya disini harus ada syarat dan nantinya akan ada akibat/hasil dari syarat tersebut.

Contoh:

·    If we lived in Rome, Francesco would visit us. (Jika kita tinggal di Roma, Francesco akan mengunjungi kita) -- If berarti “jika” dengan demikian kenyataannya kita tidak tinggal di Roma, sehingga hal tersebut tidak mungkin terjadi saat ini.

·         If it rained tomorrow, I would sleep all day. (Jika besok hujan, saya akan tidur sepanjang hari.) -- Pada kenyataannya besok belum tentu hujan, sehingga kegiatan yang akan datang untuk tidur sepanjang hari akan sulit terjadi.

Rumus Conditional Sentence Type  2
Untuk menyusun sebuah conditional sentence type 2, kamu bisa menggunakan rumus berikut ini:

If + Simple Past Tense, + Past Future Tense

Atau bisa dibalik menjadi seperti dibawah ini:

Past Future Tense + If + Simple Past Tense

Rumus diatas bisa diperinci lagi jika anda bingung, maka rumus akan menjadi seperti berikut ini:

If + S + Verb 2, + S + would + Verb 1 (bare Infinitive)

Atau

S + would + Verb 1 (bare Infinitive) + If + S + Verb 2

Contoh:

·         If I knew where she lived, I would go and see her. (Jika saya tahu dimana dia tinggal, saya akan pergi dan mengunjungi/melihat dia.)

·         I would go and see her if I knew where she lived. (Saya akan pergi dan mengunjungi/melihat dia, jika saya tahu dimana dia tinggal.)

·         If Budi studied harder, he would pass the exam. (Jika Budi belajar lebih giat, dia akan lulus ujian.)

#Gunakan were untuk semua subjek, termasuk untuk subjek I, he, she, etc. Ini karena dalam conditional sentence lebih umum menggunakan were daripada was (Walaupun jika menggunakan was juga tidak bisa disalahkan).

Contoh:

·         If I were taller, I would buy this dress. (Jika saya lebih tinggi, saya akan membeli gaun ini.)

·         If I were you, I would not let her go. (Jika aku menjadi kamu, aku tidak akan membiarkannya pergi.)

#Kamu bisa juga menggunakan could dan might untuk menggantikan penggunaan would ketika anda ingin menyatakan sebuah tingkat kepastian, izin, atau  rekomendasi.

Contoh:

·         He could goto the concertif you gave him your ticket.
If he called me, I couldn't hear.

Lebih Banyak Contoh Kalimat Conditional Sentence Type 2

Contoh Kalimat Conditional Sentence Type 2	Arti
If I came home earlier, I would prepare dinner.	Jika saya pulang lebih awal, aku akan menyiapkan makan malam.
If Tim and Tom were older, they would play in our hockey team.	Jika Tim dan Tom lebih tua, mereka akan bermain di tim hoki.
If they had enough money, they would buy a new car.	Jika mereka punya cukup uang, mereka akan membeli mobil baru.
You wouldn't be so tired if you went to bed earlier.	Anda tidak akan begitu lelah jika Anda pergi tidur lebih awal.
If the weather weren't so bad, we would go to the park.	Jika cuaca tidak begitu buruk, kita akan pergi ke taman
We might buy a larger house if we had more money.	Kita mungkin membeli rumah yang lebih besar jika kita memiliki lebih banyak uang.
I would send her an invitation if I found her address.	Saya akan mengiriminya undangan jika saya menemukan alamatnya.
If I had a lot of money, I wouldn’t stay here.	Jika aku punya banyak uang, saya tidak akan tinggal di sini.
If I were you, I would not do this.	Jika aku jadi kau, aku tidak akan melakukan ini.
If I were rich, my life would change completely.	Jika saya kaya, hidup saya akan berubah sepenuhnya.
I would invite all my friends if I had a house by the beach.	Saya akan mengundang semua teman-teman saya jika saya punya rumah di tepi pantai.

Active - Passive

TUGAS KELOMPOK

SOFTSKILL

 (Di Ajukan untuk memenuhi tugas mata kuliah Bahasa Inggris)

Dosen :

Dian Wulandari

Di susun Oleh :

Dimas Ajie Pangestu

I Gusti Agung Dama Putra

Muchamad Rafii Setiawan

Febri Kurniawan

Program Ilmu Budaya Dasar

Fakultas Ekonomi

Universitas  Gunadarma

Active and Passive Voice of Simple Future Tense

Active	Passive
(Will) (+)S + will + V1 + object + ROTS (-)S + will + not + V1 + object + ROTS (?)WH + will + S + V1 + object + ROTS	(Will) (+)S+will+be+V3+prep+object+ROTS (-)S+will+not+be+V3+prep+object+ROTS (?)WH+will+S+be+V3+prep+object+ROTS
(Be going to) (+)S + be + going to + V1 + object + ROTS (-)S+be+not+going to+ V1 + object+ROTS (?)WH+be+S+goingto+be+V3+prep+ object +ROTS	(Be going to) (+)S+be+goingto+be+V3+prep+object+ROTS (-)S+ be + not + going to + be + V3 + prep + object + ROTS (?)WH + be + S + going to + be + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
Contoh Kalimat	Contoh Kalimat
(Will) (+)He will build a new house next year (-)He will not/won`t build a new house before 2017 (?)Where will he build a new house next year?	(Will) (+)A new house will be built by him next year (-)A new house will not/won`t be built by him next year (?)Where will a new house be built by him next year?
(Be going to) (+)He is going to build a new house next year (-)He is not going to build a new house before 2017 (?)Where is he going to build a new house next year?	(Be going to) (+)A new house is going to be built by him next year (-)A new house is not going to be built by him before 2017 (?)Where is a new house going to be built by him next year?

How To Make Something

How to Make a Kite Simple

Material:

1 (one) segments of bamboo with a diameter of +/- 1 cm and a length of +/- 90 cm
2. 1 (one) segments of bamboo dengandiameter +/- 1 cm and a length of +/- 50 cm
3. Paper kites
4. Markers / dye
5. Glue

6. The rope or yarn

 Tools:

1. Scissors
2. Ruler
3. Cutter or knife

Steps:

THE FIRST STEP

a.Take 2 segment of bamboo (length and width in accordance with the wishes).
b. Put bamboo are crossed to resemble a cross.
c. Tie both bamboo using a rope or Banang be crossed.
d. Tie every corner of the bamboo by using a rope or twine to form the framework of kites.
e. Done framework kite finished.

THE SECOND STEP

a. Place the framework of the above-mentioned kite kite paper or wax paper.
b. Mark the paper so that the shape of the kite frame. Add edges of 1-2 cm for the line of pieces (later to fold the glue).
c. The corresponding paper scissors signs that have been made.

THE THIRD STEP

a. Fold the edges of the paper towards the back, and then paste it with glue.
b. So that unique kite, decorate with markers / dyes that you have.
c. Paint your kite in a bright color to make it look beautiful when in cloud.

THE FOURTH STEP
a. To make the tail of a kite, a small paper cut lengthwise
b. Tie at the bottom of the kite.
c. Kite tail connection with glue.

THE FIFTH STEP

a. Make two holes in the middle of the kite near the crossing point of order.
b. Insert the rope or kite string to one of the holes and cross into the wooden frame.
c. Do the same for the bottom hole.
d. Balance rope to tie (how to try in the grasp and pull like raising the kite).

Determiners ( Difference Words)

DETERMINERS

DIFFERENCE WORDS

Determiner adalah kelompok kata yang diletakkan sebelum kata benda (noun), yang gunanya untuk membatasi makna dari kata benda itu sendiri.

Determiners terdiri dari :

• ·         Articles/ kata sandang (a, an, the)
• ·         Quantifer/ menyatakan jumlah (how many, how much)
• ·         Possessive Adj/ menyatakan kepemilikan (my, your, his, her, its, our, their)
• ·         Demonstrative Adj/ menjelaskan noun dalam hal jarak dan jumlah (this, that, these, those)

Determiner mempunyai 2 sifat, yaitu General Determiner dan Specific Determiner. Yang termasuk dalam General Determiner adalah Difference Words.

DIFFERENCE WORDS adalah kata tambahan yang digunakan untuk menjelaskan sesuatu yang telah disebutkan, bisa digunakan sebelum noun sebagai determiner (other people, the other door, another week) atau digunakan tunggal sebagai pronoun (others, the other, another).

Cara/rumus penggunaan Other,The Other dan Another :

      Other/The Other digunakan sebagai pronoun ataupun adjective. Jika digunakan sebagai pronoun maka dapat menggantikan singular noun, tetapi jika digunakan sebagai adjective maka rumusnya berikut ini :

Rumus à  Other + plural noun

                  The Other + singular noun

      

    Others/The Others hanya digunakan sebagai pronoun dari plural noun, karena dari adjective tidak ada bentuk plural.

      Another tidak berbeda dengan other/the other, another dapat digunakan sebagai pronoun ataupun adjective. Rumusnya sebagai berikut ini :

Rumus à   Another + singular noun

Contoh penggunaan Other,The Other dan Another :

Other               à        a)    Please you call Bella, I’ll call other.

b)  Some people consume milk/tea regularly, other people prefer mineral water.

Others              à        a)    If you call Bella, I’ll call others.

                                     b)   Some students played flute, others played saxophone.

The Other        à        I have two dogs. One of my dogs is a siberian husky, the other dog is

alaskan malamut.

The Others      à        I have four dogs. One of my dogs is a siberian husky, the others dog is

alaskan malamut.

Another           à        a)    My father ate a cookie, then he ate another.

                                    b)    One student went on to the next challenge, another student failed.